Wednesday, September 30, 2015

The Mobile Museum - Exhibition on Wheels Titled “Memories of the Mahatma”


Gandhi's Africa connect to roll out on wheels

This Gandhi Jayanti, PM Narendra Modi will re kindle Mahatma Gand hi's Africa connection to reach out to African leaders ahead of the third India-Africa Forum Summit (October 27-29), billed as the largest gathering of foreign leaders on Indian soil since the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) summit in 1983.

A mobile exhibition, named `Memories of the Mahatma', has been organized in the form of a specially designed trailer that will leave Porbandar on Friday and traverse Gujarat, Rajasthan and Haryana before reaching the summit venue, Indira Gandhi Indoor Stadium, on October 29.

Modi looks at the Africa summit as one of his most significant diplomatic engagements since he took over as PM. After he asked MEA to organize events to stress Gandhi's special bond with Africa, foreign minister Sushma Swaraj spoke to the CMs of Haryana, Rajasthan and Gujarat to facilitate the movement of the trailer and also organize events along the route.

MEA has now also writ ten to the chief secre taries of all three states seeking their cooperation in facilitating the mobile exhibition.

Designed in the form of a museum, the light duty truck will showcase the Mahatma's entire life, including all important events which transformed India's political landscape, in the form of photographs and audio-visual content. It will also feature sound and light shows on Gandhi's life and his work in Africa.

The truck will pass through all iconic places associat ed with Gandhi's life before reaching Delhi. These include Dandi, Rajkot and Sabarmati in Gujarat. It will also pass through Jodhpur, Ajmer, Jaipur and Pilani in Rajasthan.Modi sees events around the Mahatma's Africa connect as a tribute to “the vision of the Father of the Nation''.

The exhibition will seek to highlight how Africa was the birthplace of Gandhi's satyagraha. Another reason for Modi enthusiastically drawing on the Mahatma is the fact that the Summit is taking place exactly 100 years after his return from Africa as a mass leader against racial discrimination and oppression. The truck will pas through schools, seeking to inform children of Gandhi' links with Africa. It will also pick up memorabilia along the route, like salt from Dandi, which will be gifted to African leaders by Modi himself.

The truck will be flagged off by Gujarat chief minister Anandiben Patel in Porbandar after the inaugural event at the Kirti temple, located next to the birthplace of the Mahatma. It will then head to Rajkot where it will stop at Rajkot High School (earlier Alfred High School) from where Gandhi graduated.The mobile museum will also visit Dandi, Sabarmati and Gandhinagar before heading to Rajasthan.

Source | Times of India | 1 October 2015

A teacher’s tricks and treats

Coping mechanisms in today's classrooms of the new generation

On voluntarily retiring from a commercial bank after 30-odd years of service as an unsuccessful manager, I wanted to become a teacher. Didn’t George Bernard Shaw say, “He who can, does. He who cannot, teaches”?

It did not take long for me to be convinced that I was a successful teacher. Session after session, students thanked me profusely, claiming that my lectures were proving to be an effective cure for their insomnia, but without any side effects.

However, very soon the impact of a new teacher was wearing thin. Participants started coming late to class. All my pleadings that punctuality was essential for maintaining academic discipline and to ensure that they did not miss any part of the lessons taught were in vain. Finally I made it a rule that late-comers would occupy the front row. Late arrivals ceased forthwith!

Students avoided the front row, fearing that sleeping there would be noticed easily. They are perhaps not aware that many teachers focus more on the rear rows where mischief normally occurs. Whenever the front row was vacant, my ego would receive a jolt. So, after the arrival of all students I would quietly remove the chairs in the front row.

I found to my amusement that students’ knack of enjoying forty winks during lectures has crossed an evolutionary threshold. They have now developed the knack of sleeping with their eyes open. My doctor friends tell me there is a medical term for this: ‘lagophthalmos’. Though doctors treat this as an inability to close the eyelids completely while sleeping, present-day students have made it an ability to sleep with eyes open!

The practice of lagophthalmos among the student community makes the job of a teacher frustrating. It becomes difficult to know whether a student is actually sleeping or not because all have their eyelids open. Whenever I suspected that a person was sleeping though the eyes were open, I would go near the person and ask a question on what was being discussed. Students usually outsmarted me because they were not only sleeping with their eyelids open, but in addition were talking in sleep (a cultivated condition called ‘somniloquy’). Though what the student was mumbling would have no relevance to the topic under discussion, I would prefer to think the student was in fact attentive and would walk away.

This would keep my self-confidence as a teacher intact.

I was always interested in knowing how I was shining as a teacher in comparison with others. To my utter shock, another teacher told me once that when he checked up with a student in my class, he could not even remember what was discussed in the class. From that dismaying day, I ensured that I always wrote in block letters the subject of discussion on the white board. It is my firm hope that seeing in bold letters the topic of discussion for 60-odd minutes would make it impossible not to remember at least the topic. But to my odd blend of eternal joy and consternation, the students make the impossible happen.

It was not as though I wanted to become a teacher only after quitting the bank. When I was the manager of a large branch, a General Manager of the bank visited the branch for an on-the-spot assessment of my performance. The branch was notorious for its non-performing assets and therefore my main focus was on recovery. The General Manager made it clear to me that my performance was far from satisfactory. Unrelated to this, I had earlier applied for a faculty position in the Staff Training College of the bank. The interview to select the faculty members was held the next day. The General Manager who visited the branch the previous day was on the interview panel. I was hoping that I would be selected because my branch performance was ‘unsatisfactory’. But the wily General Manager initiated the interview asking me why I was interested in teaching when my field performance was ‘excellent’. I was tongue-tied and, needless to say, was not selected for that post.

Source | The Hindu | 28 September 2015

City Teachers to learn tech-savvy lessons

Teachers will be trained on how to use mobile apps to teach students and connect better with them

MUMBAI: From using the latest gadgets and mobile apps to attending workshops on technology and even encouraging teachers to get Google certifications, city schools are going all out to groom their teachers to become tech-savvy in a bid to fortify the teacher-student connect.

Take for instance, St Mary’s School (ICSE), Mazgaon. The students plan to organise workshops for more than 500 teachers from the city’s Jesuit schools on using mobile apps while teaching. This is part of the ‘Rang Bhare Teachers’ initiative, which aims at teaching lessons in an interesting way.

“The students will introduce us to the latest education-related apps, such as photo maps, which we can make use of while teaching subjects,” said Joan Dias, who teaches at St Mary’s School.

The idea is to ensure teachers stay abreast with the latest trends in technology. “Students today are ahead of their teachers when it comes to using technological devices. Teachers cannot afford to lag behind. They have to make use of these devices and apps to retain students’ attention,” said Father Francis Swamy, the school’s principal and co-ordinator, Jesuit School Board.

Some school principals said training teachers, especially older ones, in technology will be an uphill task. “It’s challenging to keep teachers, especially the older ones, updated with technology, as they prefer not to use it too often,” said Seema Buch, principal, Gundecha Education Academy, Kandivli. The school has, however, ensured its teachers are trained every year on how to use digital classrooms. “We have been conducting the same training programme every year. We also teach them basic computer skills, such as using PowerPoint and test them on it,” said Buch.

Since last year, teachers of RN Podar School, Santacruz, have been applying for Google certifications. “It started with a few of us applying for it and now, it has caught on. It is important for teachers to know how to use technology. It makes work easy and efficient,” said Avnita Bir, the school’s principal.

Familiarity with technology and the ability to use it in classrooms has also become one of the main requirements while recruiting teachers, said schools. “We hire teachers who know their subject well and use modern technology while teaching,” said Meera Isaacs, principal, Cathedral and John Connon School, Fort.

The bachelor and diploma in education programmes need to include more modules on using technology in teaching, said experts. “There is a need to overhaul the curriculum of the teacher training programmes to match the modern-day requirements. They should train teachers on how to use the latest technology as teaching tools,” said Isaacs.

Source | Hindustan Times | 30 September 2015

Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2015-16 : 17 Indian institutions among Times’ top 800

The Times Higher Education World University Rankings 2015-16 has more Indian institutes from previous editions after the list was expanded to top 800 from 400. But none of them breached the top 200.

The highest ranked institution is the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, placed in 251-300 rank group and the other institution among the top 400 is Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay (351-400 cohort).

In all, India has 17 universities in the list, matching its BRIC counterpart Brazil. Among Asian countries China continues to dominate, while Japan and South Korea have fallen behind.

Shake up your study habits

Spacing study sessions will win hands down in improving learning skills.

Navya is dejected when she sees her exam results. Tears well up as she stares at her mark sheet. As her friends cheerfully post their marks on Facebook and Whatsapp, Navya’s hurt only intensifies. Even peers, whom she had helped on homework assignments and projects, have done better than her. Given the fact that she worked really hard this semester and had toiled before the exams, her results do not seem justified to her. Navya is sure she had understood concepts as well as, or, perhaps, better than some of her friends. Yet, they had all performed more impressively. What could Navya have done differently for a more favourable outcome in the exam?

Performing well in exams is not just a reflection of how much you study, but also how you study. Simply clocking your study hours is not necessarily going to result in a desirable outcome. In his book, How We Learn, author Benedict Carey surveys the psychological literature to provide tips and strategies that have been scientifically studied.

Even if you have understood your concepts, performing well in an exam requires committing information to memory. Be it facts, definitions, formulae or specialised vocabulary, you need to remember information to demonstrate your knowledge and understanding. One strategy to promote optimal recall is to space out your studying. Instead of studying and reviewing your Chemistry lessons for three hours at a stretch, you may do three one-hour sessions on different days, where you study the content on one day and then review it a day later and then possibly after a week. While the total time you spend studying chemistry will be the same, your ability to recall information will be better if you space your sessions apart. Of course, for you to spread out your study sessions in such a manner, you have to prepare ahead of time. If you pull an all-nighter and cram just before the exam, you may be able to tackle the test paper the next day; however, it is unlikely you will remember the information a month or a year later. In contrast, spaced learning helps you retain the content better over the long-term. In terms of reaping investment from the time you put into studying, spaced sessions win hands down.
Another factor that may enhance your performance involves the location of where you choose to study. In order to avoid distraction, you may lock yourself in your room. However, Carey cites a study conducted by psychologists which shows that changing the environmental context of your studying can promote your recall of information. So, once in a while, study in the living room when it is not too noisy or crowded. The next time you revise the same material, try studying in the dining room or the balcony or a friend’s house. You may also find that a change of place improves your attention.

Interleaving

When students prepare for exams, they typically progress chapter by chapter. After finishing a topic, do you test yourself by answering questions based on the chapter you just studied? In a previous article for this column, I had extolled the virtues of self-testing. Not only does testing provide a gauge of your learning, it also deepens your understanding. However, there is a more effective way to test yourself than simply quizzing yourself at the end of a chapter. The technique, called interleaving by psychologists, involves mixing up questions and problems from different chapters.

In fact, Carey quotes a high school math teacher, Doug Rohrer, who says, “One of the things you see that’s so baffling, when you’re a new teacher, is that kids who do great in unit tests — the weekly, or biweekly reviews — often do terribly in cumulative exams on the same material.” If you are one of those students, then you need to introduce more interleaving into your study routine by asking yourself questions across different chapters. Many a time, students also spend hours cracking a difficult theorem in maths or tackling a knotty physics problem. While it is essential to persist on complex topics, you must also realise that taking a break may actually help you figure out the solution. Often, when tough problems plague us, especially ones that require creative solutions, it might be worthwhile to switch gears and do something else or even simply relax. Be open to the idea that a solution to the problem may strike you at an unlikely moment or when you approach it at a different time.

In order to make up for lost time, students often end up pulling all-nighters right before an exam. They burn the proverbial midnight oil poring over their books, hoping to maximise their performance the next day. However, staying up late can be counterproductive as sleep actually promotes our recall and understanding of information. Studies show that people who sleep between learning and testing do better than those who stay awake. Furthermore, some evidence suggests that even short naps of an hour or so may be beneficial to learning. The next time your eyelids droop as you plod through your physics textbook, taking a nap may be wiser than forcing yourself to stay awake.

So, go ahead and shake up your study habits. See what works for you, and stick with it.

Source | The Hindu | 27 September 2015

Tuesday, September 29, 2015

Launch of National Institutional Ranking Framework Document & Web Portal



Analysis of the Initiative

The Human Resource Development (HRD) Ministry Tuesday unveiled a first-of-its-kind indigenous ranking framework for higher education institutions, in response to global rankings in which Indian universities and colleges usually do not fare too well.

The framework is different from global rankings in that it will judge institutions based on country-specific parameters.

HRD Minister Smriti Irani said the new ranking framework has been drafted to provide “an Indian context to educational aspirations and needs”. This will, she added, help institutions that conduct research in languages other than English and are focused on inclusive education, two factors that are overlooked by international agencies.

The government aims to come out with the first round of ranking before the next academic year.

The initiative is open to both private and public institutions across all disciplines and is not mandatory. However, VS Oberoi, secretary, higher education, said that all 122 centrally-funded institutions — including all central universities, IITs and IIMs —will participate in the first round of ranking which will be unveiled by April next year.

The framework is primarily divided into two categories :

Category A | will cover institutions with academic autonomy and greater focus on research and

Category B | will comprise colleges and centres affiliated to a university and more focused on teaching. An institution can volunteer to be ranked in both categories.

Justifying the division of the framework into two categories, Professor Surendra Prasad, chairman of the National Board of Accreditation, said this would enable “an apple-to-apple comparison”.

The ranking framework is designed such that institutions belonging to different sectoral fields such as Engineering, Management etc. will be compared separately in their own respective peer groups.

The parameters are under the five broad headings

(1) teaching learning and resources;
(2) research, consulting and collaborative performance;
(3) graduation outcomes;
(4) outreach and inclusivity and
(5) perception

Gazette notifications to go completely digital

NEW DELHI: Starting on Thursday, physical printing of Gazette notifications of Central government will be discontinued. All such notifications will switched over to e-publishing and "hard copies" won't be available any more.

The urban development ministry, which is responsible for the directorate of printing, has taken this decision, sources said. The decision is being seen as a step towards digital India and a greater environment-friendly move besides huge savings in terms of printing of hard copies.

Sources said the Information Technology Act, 2000 says that any requirement of publication in the official gazette shall be deemed to have been satisfied, if such a matter is published in the "official gazette or electronic gazette".

At present, all gazette notifications from ministries and departments are printed in the government press and simultaneously published by the publication department on e-gazette website. "It is observed that the current procedure sometimes leads to delays up to two months depending on the size and volume of gazette notifications," said a ministry source.

E-gazette was launched in April 2008 and the website is now popular. Officials said the UD ministry had referred the proposal to law ministry which had given the go-ahead.

While the decision to switch over to e-notification as the only mode is being seen as progressive, officials said the government should also consider the proposal to do away with huge number of hard copies printed for replies to parliament questions. "That's a huge wastage and in several cases we find the questions asked are same from different members and even same questions get repeated in every session," said a government official.

He added the answers can be mailed to the members concerned and even the answers can be displayed electronically for the benefit of all members.

Source | Times of India | 30 September 2015

Monday, September 28, 2015

Now, Indian ranking for higher education soon



New Delhi: The government will roll out on Tuesday an India-specific ranking framework covering higher educational institutes, in an answer to global ranking agencies where Indian universities and institutes including the IITs have never been able to make the cut.

The ranking framework will be across disciplines which takes into account the perception of an institute, outreach, research activity and inclusivity through reservations.

It will be released by HRD Minister Smriti Irani following marathon meetings of a core committee headed by the HRD Ministry higher education Secretary.

The parameters which would be used for ranking are “teaching learning and resources, research, consulting and collaborative performance, graduation outcome, outreach and inclusivity (through reservations) and perception” said an official note.

Source | Free Press | 29 September 2015

Find out how cyber smart you are



As you know, security is our favourite topic. The reason we keep harping on it is simple—the more connected and online people are, the more vulnerable they become. For instance, we might love the convenience of location services on our smartphones, but do we think about the fact that we’re basically allowing strangers to track our movements? Do we wonder why that new app we’re downloading asks for so many permissions?

To balance the advantages of technology and staying safe requires a different kind of street smarts. Perhaps we should call it cyber smarts. Kaspersky, makers of security solutions, listed the “top 10 habits of cyber-savvy people”. Here they are, and here’s why they are important:

1.  Protect devices with passwords: A password to access your phone, tablet or even computer is your first line of defence. Casual mischief makers are immediately stopped in their tracks.

2.  Update OS and apps: Software updates often plug vulnerabilities or add extra layers of security. Ignore them at your own risk. Keeping security software updated is also essential.

3.  Consider using a virtual private network (VPN): A VPN hides your IP address, allowing unhindered internet access, as well encrypts your communications, keeping you secure and private. Both free and paid VPN services are available, but it is imperative to go with a trusted party.

4.  Use strong passwords: Birthdates, house or car numbers, pets’ and kids’ names are a no-no. Figure out a system to create passwords that mean something to you and only you. If needed, use a password manager. Where possible, use two-factor authentication.

5.  Install apps wisely: As yourself why a simple torch app is asking for permission to view, say, contacts. Limiting permissions is not always in our control, so be suspicious of apps that ask for excessive access.

6.  Browse privately: Saving logins and passwords may be convenient, but it’s asking for trouble. Anyone can log into your accounts. Saved cookies and other settings are often used by marketeers to target ads or monitor your browsing behaviour. So use private browsing modes to ensure privacy.

7.  Check website legitimacy: This is especially true while banking or shopping. Check the URL to see that you’re on the correct site—most modern browsers will highlight the domain name of the website, like ‘bank.com’ or ‘onlinestore.com’. Also look for the padlock icon before making any transactions.

8.  Use messaging apps that have end-to-end encryption: This means that your messaging app should be encrypted in such a way that no one else may intercept and read it except you and the person it was intended for. While this sounds overly technical, a simple Google search will give you your answer.

9.  Use a screen privacy filter: If you need to work in a public place a lot—or for any reason want to prevent people around you looking at your screen—it might be a good idea to invest in a privacy filter that makes the screen clearly visible only when you’re directly in front of it. They cost about Rs 1,500 onwards and can go up to Rs 5,000.

10.  Back up, back up and then back up again: Despite our best efforts, tech tragedies do happen. Thus, a back up will make life much easier in the event of your device crashing, being stolen or falling down a mountain. But backups are complicated—copying everything to a hard drive that you keep in the house or office is not going to help if, say, there’s a fire or earthquake. Having a cloud backup would be useless if their servers fail or they shut shop. Thus, have multiple backups. It’s not as complicated as it sounds—a lot of it can be automated.

So what’s your score? How many of these 10 habits sound familiar?

Source | Financial Chronicle | 29 September 2015

Libraries and the abiding love for printed books

The advent of technology has affected the reading habit of people. It has also hit libraries in the Tricity. But there are people who still mark their presence at libraries to study in peace.

THE SMELL of a book, the scope for scribbling in the margins, underlining interesting sentences and quotes, folding a corner of the page, keeping colourful bookmarks within and then the pleasure of sleeping by keeping the book beside a pillow are some of the things that still compel city residents to continue their love affair with printed books rather than the eBooks available on Kindles and mobile phones these days.

Enter any of the libraries, and you will find almost every reader carrying a smart phone or a laptop. But then keeping all the digital aids aside, they are glued to their books with pencils and highlighters in hand.

Parveen Khurana, librarian incharge, State Divisional Library, Sector 34, says, “You may carry 300 books with you in your Kindle or in your tablet while travelling. But the battery will always be an issue while there is never a problem with printed books. Also, we can never claim eBooks in our Kindles as our property as they vanish after a year; sometimes due to the battery back-up problems, readers are likely to lose the downloaded material but the hard copies of books are always our property.”

“Once you buy a book, you own it. The distinct smell of its pages, and each and every engraved letter is something so very personal,” says Vikram Chopra, a resident of Chandigarh and a regular visitor at The Browser Library and Bookstore, Sector 8.

A first-year student of SD College, Sector 32, Vikramjeet says, “I believe reading books in the library is the only old tradition we are still following; we will continue to follow it for the simple reason that flipping through pages gives an inner satisfaction which no eBook can ever provide.”

The libraries also see a large number of aspirants preparing for various competitive exams who prefer to come here to study. A variety of options for children are another reason that parents prefer to bring them to the libraries.

The T S Central Library, Sector 17, and State Divisional Library, Sector 34, cater to around 3,000 students daily. The library incharges here maintain the lack of adequate space is a common and long-pending problem. Two more floors are yet to be made functional at the Sector 34 library.

“We already have a space crunch and still three departments are occupying our space: the civil defence, census and the portraits. Since the footfall of readers had increased, we had to convert our magazine room into a reading room,” says Anju Gupta, incharge of the TS Central Library, Sector 17. She adds, “There were days when people of all age groups used to come here to spend time with books but now one of the reasons which holds back most of the readers is the lack of parking space. There is no parking space even for our own staff. So how can we expect general public or senior citizens to waste one hour finding a proper space for parking before coming to the library? Another thing is that this area becomes deserted after office hours.”

With more than 30,000 books available for buying and reading, The Browser Library and Bookstore still sees about 30-40 visitors every day. The library offers a silent environment to its visitors, which allows them to sit and read for hours. “Over the years, we have retained our old readers. But there is a decline in the number of youngsters who visit the library nowadays,” says Ghanshyam Mohanto, an executive who has been working at the library since 1998. However, for avid readers like Abhinav and Shelley who visit the library on a daily basis, nothing can replace printed books. “Yes, we are from that so-called Internet-savvy age, but at the end of the day, I still turn to the hard copy of a book, instead of a Kindle, though it is more economical to download a book on Kindle and it is also very easy to carry it around,” says Shelley.

The British Council Library, which was shifted to Elante Mall in 2013, has about 14,000 books in its physical library, and continues to see around 50-60 visitors daily. The library also has an extensive online collection, and organises regular poet-reading and book-signing workshops. “A lot of people do actually prefer just reading online, which is why we have a vast online repository. We also provide our readers with Wi-Fi facility at the library,” says Namrata, an employee at the British Council Library.

At these libraries, the children’s section continues to attract the majority of readers, closely followed by fiction books. Working professionals can also be seen turning up at the libraries after work, and reading their favourite authors.

“Imagine yourself on a rainy day, when you are cosying up with a warm cup of coffee. You wouldn’t want to turn to a Kindle to read stories of far and beyond; you would most certainly turn to the hard copy of a book. Books have a character; books make you enjoy the art of reading,” adds Vikram.

Smart ideas

Sharing their ideas for the smart city project being initiated by the UT Administration, the incharges of T S Central Library, Sector 17, and State Divisional Library, Sector 34, assert that the administration should make a provision for connecting these libraries through a common smart card which could be used for issuing or returning the book at any of the libraries. The librarians also suggest having a drop box at the nearest e-sampark centre where the readers could drop the book whenever they have to return it, in case they are not able to come to the library.

“Also, we are pushing the administration to allow us to keep the library open for 24 hours instead of the restricted timing of 8 am to 8 pm. Although we already have a provision for converting the books into an audio-visual format here at the library, we plan to introduce a smart device in the library which will help the visually impaired readers to reach the right shelf, once they speak the name of the required book,” says Parveen Khurana, incharge librarian, State Divisional Library, Sector 34. Khurana, who joined the library a few months ago, keeps updating his blog http://divisionallibrary34.blogspot.in/ as well which comprises an online membership form of the library, the list of new books added to the library every month, seven e-papers, e-libraries having 22 lakh books from across the world, and the current affairs.

Source | Indian Express | Chandigarh | 28 September 2015