DNA can predict reading ability: Study
Study | Genome-Wide Polygenic Scores Predict Reading Performance Throughout the
School Years
Abstract
It is
now possible to create individual-specific genetic scores, called genome-wide
polygenic scores (GPS). We used a GPS for years of education (EduYears)
to predict reading performance assessed at UK National Curriculum Key Stages 1
(age 7), 2 (age 12) and 3 (age 14) and on reading tests administered at ages 7
and 12 in a UK sample of 5,825 unrelated individuals. EduYears GPS
accounts for up to 5% of the variance in reading performance at age 14. GPS
predictions remained significant after accounting for general cognitive ability
and family socioeconomic status. Reading performance of children in the lowest
and highest 12.5% of the EduYears GPS distribution differed by a mean
growth in reading ability of approximately two school years. It seems certain
that polygenic scores will be used to predict strengths and weaknesses in
education.
Press Release
Reading ability of kids throughout school
years can be predicted from their DNA alone, say scientists who have developed
a new genetic scoring technique.
The scores could one day be used to identify
and tackle reading difficulties early, rather than waiting until children
develop these problems at school, researchers said.
The study shows that a genetic score
comprising around 20,000 of DNA variants explains five per cent of the
differences between childrens reading performance.
Students with the highest and lowest genetic
scores differed by a whole two years in their reading performance.
The findings from Kings College London in the
UK highlight the potential of using genetic scores to predict strengths and
weaknesses in childrens learning abilities.
"We hope these findings will
contribute to better policy decisions that recognise and respect genetically
driven differences between children in their reading ability," said Robert
Plomin, from Kings College London.
The study was published in the journal
Scientific Studies of Reading.
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Pralhad
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Manager @ Knowledge Repository
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